R L21 Origins, Accuracy improves for 90 % to 99 %. And another few SNP tests at different levels into the mix, and you have one confused administrator. Discover the world of Paternal Haplogroup R-L21, the ancient genetic lineage shaping the ancestry of populations. The paragroup for the R-M479 lineage is found predominantly in South Asia, although deep-rooted examples have also been found among Portuguese, Spanish, Tatar (Bashkortostan, Russia), and Ossetian (Caucasus) populations (Myres 2010). Some of us have mentioned French archaeologist and linguist Henri Hubert and his book (which was originally in two volumes), The History of the Celtic Peoples. e. So, technically, I should really show myself as R-P312+ since I haven't been tested for L7. Directions for citing the document are given at the bottom of the Main Page. Its introduction was part of a large genetic transformation associated with the Bell Beaker culture, wherein steppe descended peoples largely replaced Britain's earlier Neolithic population. Jan 16, 2026 · Evidence points to the Lower Rhine region as L21's birthplace, but the lineage later spread back to continental Europe through Bronze Age and Iron Age trans-Channel exchanges, creating the "Atlantic Celtic" genetic zone we see today. Incidence of R-L21 by origin Source: European Origins database (Appendix 1, Table C1). It is dominant among males in Ireland, Scotland, Wales and Brittany, present in high frequencies in England and western France and present also to a lesser extent in Iberia, Scandinavia and the Low Countries. There was only one shade for all areas under 9%, and the frequency in Northwest France outside Brittany was excessive. The statistical model had zero false positives and zero false negatives across 56,000 testers under haplogroup R. 3) The number R-Z18 is “smaller,” but there are other groups on the same level that are much smaller than that. This haplogroup has been identified in the remains of a 24,000 year-old boy from the Altai region, in south-central Siberia (Raghavan et al. I belong to the Y-DNA Haplogroup R-L21 and R-DF21, but I didn't find anyone with this kind of DNA except two men in Ireland. This predictable haplogroup has 28 confirmed testers and 45 predicted testers - total of 73 testers. Haplogroup R1b is the dominant paternal lineage in Western Europe. You can’t tell by looking if R-L21 is a subclade of R-M269 or the other way around. Learn about origins, connections, and impact. The project promotes and supports full genetic genealogy. Hence everybody who is Z253+ is in the R-L21 subclade of the Haplogroup R1b. Note that I had to infer the percentage for Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2013 Y-DNA Haplogroup R and its Subclades - 2013 The entire work is identified by the Version Number and date given on the Main Page. R-CTS241- Shortly after R-M269, your haplogroup shot out from them. It is dominant among males in Ireland, Scotland, Wales and Brittany, present in high frequencies in England and western France and present also to a lesser extent in Iberia, Scandinavia and the Low There was already a map of R-L21 from the Busby et al. Version History Last revision date for this specific page: 5 December 2013 Because of continuing research, the structure of the Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree changes and PDF | Twenty years ago, a haplogroup estimate of R-M343 or R-M269 was assumed to be a marker of non-Jewish paternal ancestry. We can discuss that, if you’d like. [1] One subclade, R-DF13 comprises over 99% of bearers. R-A10122, a sibling of R-Z18 only shows 7 testers at FTDNA. The oldest Celtic inscriptions we have are from Northern Italy and the current Celtic homeland consensus is the region directly above the alps containing Switzerland and Austria, the former of which has a significant R-U152 rate dating back to the Bronze Age, perhaps the Alps are a possible origin point? Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2013 Y-DNA Haplogroup R and its Subclades - 2013 The entire work is identified by the Version Number and date given on the Main Page. An alternative way of naming the same haplogroups and subclades refers to their defining SNP mutations: for example, R-M343 is equivalent to R1b. We are able to identify most of the larger subclades of L21 as ‘Atlantic’—spread throughout the Atlantic Beaker range with a distinct presence in Cornwall-Devon in the early Bronze. (I am aware of the 95% confidence interval for L21. When I say my group under R-Z18, R-CTS12023 (149) is small, it’s because I’m comparing it in my head to R-Z17 (1,187). This research showed highest frequencies of R-S21 along the coastal zone, but this time with the province of Zeeland being the highest. One subclade, R-DF13 comp. The goals of the R1b-L21 & Z290 Subclades project and the R1b All Subclades project are to encourage deeper DNA testing to support analysis and understanding of the origins and migrations of our male lineages, while helping individuals find family paternal lineages and ancestral origins. R1b1a2 (R-M269) is the dominant branch of R1b in Western Europe. I tested my father's YDNA and he has the YDNA haplogroup of R-L21, and the subclade of R-DF13. L21 has several well-established subgroups like M222,L513, DF21, DF41, Z253 and Z255. One subclade, R-DF13 comp It is disputed when L21 reached the British Isles, some argue for a Bronze Age (Beaker) arrival, while others argue for a completely Celtic origin. With a 95% probability, the most recent common ancestor of all members of haplogroup R-L21 was born between the years 3290 and 2054 BCE. My family is from Brazil, and I'd like to know if this haplogroup is common just in UK and Ireland, since there was so f This human tree allows us to explore lineages through time and place and to uncover the modern history of your direct paternal surname line and the ancient history of our shared ancestors. Hello. The R-DF41 Story The R-DF41 paternal line was formed when it branched off from the ancestor R-Z39589 and the rest of humankind around 2450 BCE. only R-L21. Semino et al. Oct 13, 2014 · Historically it represents the 'Western Atlantic Celtic' population, which includes the Insular Celts, both Gaelic and Cumbric. My third goal is to determine Rollo’s origin using my TribeMapper analysis. It's important to note that your haplogroup doesn't define your current ethnic identity; rather, it provides an insight into your deep ancestry on the paternal side. The R-M269 Story The R-M269 paternal line was formed when it branched off from the ancestor R-P297 and the rest of humankind around 13,000 BCE. ) 2. The phylogenetic relationships of numerous branches within the core Y-chromosome haplogroup R-M207 support a West Asian origin of haplogroup R1b, its initial differentiation there followed by a rapid spread of one of its sub-clades carrying the M269 If we exclude haplogroups of Germanic origins (Anglo-Saxon, Viking, Norman), it can be estimated that over 90% of British and Irish men carried the R1b-L21 Y chromosome by the end of the Bronze Age. Haplogroup R1b (R-M343) is the most frequently occurring Y-chromosome haplogroup in Western Europe and the most common haplogroup in the genetic genealogy databases. The reason I state one can have this haplogroup and not be "white" is simply that there has been a great deal of mixing since the haplogroup's arrival. The DF27 subgroups in particular correspond closely to the various pre-Roman kingdoms formed by the Celtiberians. Continental R-L21 has origins in small random samples from the extensive English distribution. 2013). I believe that R1b-L21 and the Bell Beakers brought Goidelic Q-Celtic languages, and there are some who argue that Celtiberian was a Q-Celtic language. I want to discuss the origin of L21, hopefully without heated controversy or lack of civility. If you don't have it yet, take my word R1b-P312->L21->DF21 Contact: Charles Fueston R1b-P312->L21->DF41 Contact: Christopher McCown R1b-P312->L21->L1335 Contact: Robert Hughes R1b-P312->L21->FGC5494 Contact: Mark Jost R1b-P312->L21->S16264 Contact: Nigel Bond R1b-CTS4528 and Subclades Contacts: Atanas Kumbarov R2 and Subclades Contact: Abdulaziz Ali Remainder of R Tree Contact: Bob May 3. The phylogenealogy of R-L21: four and a half millennia of expansion and redistribution Joe Flood* * Dr Flood is a mathematician, economist and data R L21, Z290 and Subclades R1b-L21 and Subclades Master Project inc. This number is followed by the letter 'R' to indicate a receptacle (socket) or 'P' to indicate a plug (prongs). 4 A strong west-to-east decline is evident, and there is a heavy presence of 50 per cent or more in the traditional ‘Celtic’ locations, especially Ireland. This study aims at the analysis of 13,520 haplotypes of R-M222, R-L21+/M22-, and R-DF23+/M222-haplotypes in the 67 and 111 marker format collected from 46 FTDNA and World Families public YDNA project representing 36 countries, with the goal of Haplogroup R-L21 Emerged During Bronze Age Britain Within R, there is a specific haplogroup known as R-L21 that demonstrates a strong link to the island of Great Britain. Two markers of the signature had a three step variation from the L21 modal values which really isolated the testers. R-M269 (also known as R1b1a2) is the most dominant subclade of R-M343 (R1b), which is itself the most common Y This human tree allows us to explore lineages through time and place and to uncover the modern history of your direct paternal surname line and the ancient history of our shared ancestors. Walsh R1b-P312->L21 R-L21 or R1b1a2a1a2c, also known as R-M529 or R-S145, is a Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Within R, the most common haplogroups are R-L48 (fifteen percent), R-S21 (fourteen percent), and R-S116 (nine percent). R1b-M343, P297, M73, M269 (except U106, U198, P312) Contact: Sergey Malyshev R1b-U106 Contact: Raymond Wing R1b-U106->U198 Contact: John Sloan R1b-P312 except L21 Coordinator: Stephen Parrish Non-McCarthy Y-DNA testers are identified where their presence on trees may give clues as to McCarthy members’ origins or, in R-L21 Group B only, their own paternal ancestry lies in the eponymous Cárthach and / or the early McCarthy dynasties. The second goal is to determine Rollo’s haplogroup R SNP. This human tree allows us to explore lineages through time and place and to uncover the modern history of your direct paternal surname line and the ancient history of our shared ancestors. Nowadays about 20% of all Icelandic male lineages are R1b-L21 of Scottish or Irish origin. Whether Rollo is Danish or Norwegian has been disputed for hundreds of years. The R-Z255 Story The R-Z255 paternal line was formed when it branched off from the ancestor R-Z16423 and the rest of humankind around 2250 BCE. L21 brought the Bronze Age to Britain and Ireland, migrating from its homeland of Central Europe. With new scienti c tools, | Find, read and cite all the research This human tree allows us to explore lineages through time and place and to uncover the modern history of your direct paternal surname line and the ancient history of our shared ancestors. One rare subclade may occur only among Ashkenazi Jews, possibly as a result of a founder effect. Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015 R1a Contact: Lawrence Mayka R1b-U106 and Subclades Contact: Charles Moore or Raymond Wing R1b-U106->U198 Contact: John Sloan R1b-P312 and Subclades Contacts: Open Position R1b-P312->DF27 Contact: Stephen Parrish R1b-P312->L21->DF49 Contact: David Stedman R1b-P312->L21->DF49->M222 Contact: Michael McNally R1b-P312->L21->L513 Contact: Michael W. The R-L51 Story The R-L51 paternal line was formed when it branched off from the ancestor R-L23 and the rest of humankind around 4350 BCE. "family tree") names which make clear their place within the branching of haplogroups, or the phylogenetic tree. [34] Phylogenetic names change with new discoveries and SNP-based names are The genetic history of the British Isles is the subject of research within the larger field of human population genetics. What exactly does this mean? I know that these are from the R1b haplogroup right? Did they bring Celtic speech? I think they were Brythonic and P-Celtic speakers. Once Mac Fhirbhisigh is embraced, and the erroneous pedigrees of the O’Braonáin Uí Dhuach are set aside, the origins of men with Branan, and similar-sounding surnames, of haplogroup R-BY140757, can be correctly determined. The R-L21 4466 South Irish Project was created to identify the specific unique 's that characterize the cluster, as well as research the base haplotype with the goal of understanding the Eoganacht sept/clan/surnames and their relationship to the CTS4466+ SNP and the South Irish base haplotype. This could have occurred shortly before they migrated to or shortly after they arrived in Ireland. The stronger presence of L21 in Norway and Iceland can be attributed to the Norwegian Vikings, who had colonised parts of Scotland and Ireland. So here is the Eupedia version, improved. If you are L21- or DF13- then you are Z253- (assuming that is, that the Z253 mutation has occurred only once). However in my case, since I am L61+, and L7 is known to be L61-, I'm ok. The R-DF13 Story The R-DF13 paternal line was formed when it branched off from the ancestor R-S552 and the rest of humankind around 2600 BCE. study, but I didn't like it. If you don't have it yet, take my word Z253 is downstream of L21 and DF13, so everybody who is Z253+ is also L21+ and DF13+. The most likely estimate is 2631 BCE, rounded to 2650 BCE. Other or predicted R1b You must complete deep clade SNP testing to be placed into one of the subgroups listed above. The oldest individuals that belong to haplogroup R-L21 have all been found in remains associated with the early Bronze Age Bell Beaker culture. One subclade, R-DF13 comp Along with R-U152 and R-L21, the R-DF27 lineage is to a significant extent associated with Proto-Celtic, Celtic and later Celtiberian movements. Names such as R1b, R1b1 and so on are phylogenetic (i. DF13,Z2542,S552,Z39589,ZZ10 About us Overview Background Goals News Results Project Statistics R-L21 or R1b1a2a1a2c, also known as R-M529 or R-S145, is a Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup R SNP Predictor Tool by Robert Casey The R-L21 YSNP predictor tool is being phased out and has been replaced by the new and improved Haplogroup R YSNP prediction tool. Discover your DNA story and unlock the secrets of your ancestry and genealogy with our autosomal DNA, Y-DNA, and mtDNA tests. I picked up where I left off with William. It is often linked to the Insular Celts. The best I was able to determine for William was R-P312, which is a fairly high level SNP. As an example, the 5-15R is the common 125 V two-pole, three-wire receptacle rated for 15 A. Among 23andMe research participants, haplogroup R-CTS241 is commonly found among populations in the United Kingdom and Ireland. 2) Scope is expanded to cover all of Haplogroup R vs. The Origins Centre at the University of the Witwatersrand tested the DNA of Nelson Mandela (1918-2013), the famous South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999, and determined that he belonged to haplogroup E1b1a. It represents the Greco-Anatolian, Italic, Celtic and Germanic branches of the Indo-European speakers. It is dominant among males in Ireland, Scotland, Wales and Brittany, present in high frequencies in England and western France and present also to a lesser extent in Iberia, Scandinavia and the Low Hello to anyone reading this. In layman's language, this population has it origins in the indigenous Celtic tribes of Britain and Ireland. The R-DF21 Story The R-DF21 paternal line was formed when it branched off from the ancestor R-DF13 and the rest of humankind around 2550 BCE. And, based on Y-DNA haplotype analysis, it is considered those origins are not with the O’Braonáin Uí Dhuach, or any Irish clan. [1] One subclade, R-DF13 comprises over 99% of bearers. History and description of Haplogroup R1b (Y-chromosomal DNA) and its subclades. One subclade, R-DF13 comprises over 99% of bearers. R-L21 or R1b1a2a1a2c, also known as R-M529 or R-S145, is a Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It has developed in parallel with DNA testing technologies capable of identifying genetic similarities and differences between both modern and ancient populations. Sep 29, 2023 · L21 is probably too old to have originated in the British Isles, since it was born ~2600 BC and did not arrive in Britain until ~2400 BC. This new version of the tool has many improvements: 1) Decreases YSNP prediction errors by ten fold. This is the likely origin of the insular Celtic languages, the only surviving branch of the Celtic language tree. (2000) proposed Ukrainian origins, and a postglacial spread of the R1a1 haplogroup during the Late Glacial Maximum, subsequently magnified by the expansion of the Kurgan culture into Europe and eastward. One thing hasn’t changed. Haplogroup R-M479 is defined by the presence of the marker M479. [15] Spencer Wells proposes Central Asian origins, suggesting that the distribution and age of R1a1 points to an ancient migration corresponding to the spread by the Kurgan If you were R-L21* and another subclade was discovered to exist below it, you would then revert back to R-L21+ until the additional SNP is tested. Origins and History of Haplogroup R1b Paleolithic Mammoth Hunters Haplogroup R* originated in North Asia just before the Last Glacial Maximum (26,500-19,000 years ago). He is the ancestor of at least 2 descendant lineages known as R-A5846 & R-S552. However, all gradient differences were marginal. Version History Last revision date for this specific page: 5 December 2013 Because of continuing research, the structure of the Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree changes and Today, with the new tree, everyone that was R1b1a2 is now shown as R-M269 and the lone R1b1a2a1a1b4 person is shown as R-L21. Geni Project: R-M269 (Y-DNA). This makes R1b-L21 the quintessential Gaelic paternal lineage. Haplogroup R-CTS241 is descended from haplogroup R-L21. North-east Iberia is the most likely place of origin of DF27 [11]. 010a, ve7zwp, lxzu, wije, mpzd, qthdsu, lcpj, 7h1ve, pqb1s, v4kic,